A comprehensive, cross-madhhab juristic manual on calculating Kaffarah for deliberate Ramadan fast invalidation, unfulfilled oaths (Yameen), fidya for chronic illness and old age, and hajj violations. Explains the crucial distinction between Kaffarah and Qada, Hanafi cash valuation vs. Jumhur grain measurements (Sa’ and Mudd in kilograms), consecutive fasting rules, and step-by-step financial restitution across global currencies.
Universal Kaffarah & Fidya Studio
Compute precise Islamic expiation obligations for deliberately broken Ramadan fasts, unfulfilled oaths (Yameen), chronic illness fidya, pilgrimage violations, dhihar, and unintentional manslaughter according to classical Fiqh (Hanafi, Shafi'i, Maliki, Hanbali) with live dry measure conversions (Sa' & Mudd), multi-currency valuation, and private debt tracking.
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Option A: Physical Fasting Alternative
If you possess the physical endurance and health, fast 60 consecutive days for each deliberate Ramadan/Dhihar invalidation without interruption, plus days for oaths/ihraam violations.
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Option B: Feeding Eligible Destitute & Poor (إطعام المساكين)
Provide 60 poor persons with two satisfying average daily meals (or one food parcel) totaling 120 meals.
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Option C: Staple Food Grain Distribution (صاع / مد)
Distribute approximately 96.0 kg of staple dry food grain (such as rice, wheat, or flour) directly to recognized poor recipients.
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Option D: Cash Value Equivalent (قيمة الطعام)
Total financial obligation: 1,200.00 SAR. Under Hanafi fiqh, distributing cash enables the recipient to purchase their family's most urgent necessities.
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🌙 Ramadan Deliberate Fast Invalidation (كفارة إفطار رمضان عمداً)
Conditions for Kaffarah: According to the majority of scholars, Kaffarah is triggered when a person knowingly and intentionally invalidates an obligatory fast of Ramadan without a legitimate Shar'i concession (such as sickness, travel, pregnancy, or post-natal bleeding). Under the Hanafi and Maliki schools, intentional eating or drinking also triggers this full Kaffarah, whereas Shafi'i and Hanbali jurists restrict the Kaffarah specifically to sexual intercourse, while requiring Qada and sincere Tawbah for intentional eating.
✋ The Broken Oath Expiation (كفارة اليمين)
Choice Hierarchy (على التخيير): In Kaffarat al-Yameen, the believer has an immediate choice between (1) Feeding 10 poor persons with the average food fed to one's family, (2) Clothing 10 poor persons, or (3) Freeing a slave. Only if one is financially unable to feed or clothe may one resort to fasting 3 days. Fasting must be 3 consecutive days according to Hanafi and Hanbali jurists.
🩹 Fidya for Chronic Illness & Advanced Age (فدية الصيام)
Who Pays Fidya: Elderly people and those afflicted with lifelong chronic sickness whose doctors confirm fasting would cause grave harm and who have no realistic hope of recovery. One poor person is fed for each day of Ramadan missed. If a person later regains health and can fast, according to Jumhur they should perform Qada.
⚖️ Dhihar & Involuntary Manslaughter Expiation (الظهار والقتل الخطأ)
Dhihar: Explicitly comparing one's spouse to an unmarriageable relative (mother, sister). Expiation is freeing a slave, or fasting 2 consecutive lunar months (60 consecutive days), or feeding 60 poor persons before intimacy.
Involuntary Manslaughter (Surah An-Nisa 4:92): If a person accidentally causes the loss of human life (such as in an unintentional vehicle accident), in addition to the blood money (Diyyah) paid by the family/insurers, the driver must fast 2 consecutive months (60 days) to seek forgiveness from Allah.
⚖️ Cash Value (Qimah) vs. Physical Food Grain
The Hanafi Position: Imam Abu Hanifah and his companions permitted paying the cash equivalent of food for Kaffarah, Zakat, and Sadaqat al-Fitr. The underlying rationale is that cash allows the poor recipient to purchase medicine, clothing, or specific food they desperately need.
The Jumhur Position (Shafi'i, Maliki, Hanbali): The majority held that one must distribute tangible food grains (wheat, barley, dates, rice) to fulfill the literal Quranic text ("إطعام"). If using modern charities, you may designate the charity as your agent (Wakeel) to buy and distribute physical grain on your behalf.